Security Concerns in Tanzania

When planning your trip to Tanzania, it's essential to be aware of potential security concerns and health risks. While Tanzania offers breathtaking landscapes and vibrant culture, travellers should prioritise their safety and well-being. The year 2022 saw the country maintaining its status as a secure destination in Africa according to Global Peace Index, however, various government sites still urge tourists to exercise high degree of caution while visiting the country due to various issues. Tanzania is a beautiful destination, but it's crucial to stay informed about security risks.

Terrorism

Terrorist activities are a concern across the country. There's a possibility of attacks occurring without warning in various locations, including hotels, embassies, restaurants, malls, markets, police stations, and places of worship. Westerners might be targeted, so it's essential to remain vigilant and attentive to your surroundings. Avoid using unlicensed taxis, as travellers have been targeted by criminals while using them.

Certain pockets of Tanzania that carry inherent terrorism risk include Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar, Arusha, and the border region.

Security incidents near the Tanzania-Mozambique border have led to the deployment of military forces by the South African Development Community (SADC) to Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. This situation has prompted concerns about increased terrorist operations in the Mtwara region of Tanzania, potentially targeting foreigners. It's advisable to reconsider travel to the Mtwara region due to the elevated threat of terrorism and kidnappings.

Additionally, the border areas with Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are susceptible to bandit attacks. Kigoma and Kagera provinces, as well as areas around Mount Kilimanjaro, Serengeti, and Arusha National Parks, have reported incidents of armed banditry. Travelers should prioritise personal security and remain cautious.

Local Crimes

Particular caution is advised in Dar es Salaam, where violent armed robbery and petty theft are common. In and around Arusha, in northern Tanzania, incidents of armed robberies, carjackings, and home invasions have been reported. Bag snatching from moving vehicles is also on the rise, sometimes resulting in severe injuries or fatalities. To mitigate these risks, refrain from resisting bag-snatch attempts. To bypass these issues, many travellers also opt for direct flights to their chosen destinations, minimising city stays while maximising safety.

Road Travel

Navigating Tanzania's roads poses unique challenges stemming from inadequate infrastructure and maintenance. Road safety remains a focal point, with cases of reckless driving and accidents being all too common. Safeguard your journey by exercising caution, especially during night-time drives or when weather conditions become unfavorable.

Tanzania's local transportation options, notably the vibrant "dala dalas," motorbike taxis ("boda bodas"), and tuk-tuks, may not uphold the safety standards observed in Western countries. Accidents involving these modes of transport highlight the importance of cautious engagement and limited reliance on these options.

Health Precautions

Before embarking on your Tanzanian adventure, take necessary health precautions. Malaria, including strains resistant to chloroquine, is a year-round concern in most areas, except those above 1800 meters. It's recommended to consider anti-malarial medication.

Yellow fever, Zika virus, dengue, filariasis, and East African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) are insect-borne diseases to be mindful of. Consult a healthcare professional regarding vaccinations and make sure your accommodation is insect-proof. HIV/AIDS is prevalent, so take precautions if engaging in high-risk activities.

Altitude sickness can affect individuals at heights above 2500 meters. If you plan to climb Mt Kilimanjaro (5895 meters), consult a doctor and ensure you're physically fit. Medical facilities are limited, and medicines may not always be available. Consider the potential need for evacuation, which can be expensive. In case of a medical emergency, dial the toll-free Health Emergency Number: 199.

An outbreak of the Marburg virus in the Bukoba District in Kagera Region was confirmed by the Tanzanian Government. This disease spreads through contact with infected bodily fluids from humans and animals.

Local Laws and Etiquette

Understanding local laws and customs is vital for a respectful and enjoyable visit. Don't use or carry illegal drugs, as penalties are severe. Plastic bags are banned, and the possession of pornographic material is illegal. Same-sex relations are prohibited, and photographing military zones, weapons, or personnel is against the law. Dress and behavior standards, especially in Zanzibar, are conservative.

Safety at Sea

Coastal waters off Tanzania's coast have seen pirate attacks, emphasising the importance of vigilance. Avoid venturing far from the coastline to minimise risks.

In addition, ferries have experienced accidents in the past, particularly on routes between Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar. Opting for reputable ferry companies and following safety procedures can enhance your travel experience.

Natural Disasters

Tanzania's geographical diversity begets the challenge of natural disasters, including heavy rains and flooding. These elements can significantly alter road conditions and disrupt your travel plans. Staying attuned to weather forecasts and seasonal patterns proves pivotal, particularly if outdoor activities or road journeys are on your itinerary.

Political Situation

While Tanzania's 2020 general elections unfolded with mostly peaceful undertones, it's crucial to acknowledge the potential for political rallies and demonstrations to escalate into violence. Staying updated with both local and international news, evading participation in political gatherings, and swiftly retreating from protest zones guarantees your safety.

Conclusion

While Tanzania's allure is undeniable, informed planning and awareness of potential risks are essential for a safe and memorable journey. By staying updated, adhering to local laws, and prioritising health and safety, you can fully appreciate the beauty and diversity that Tanzania offers.

To understand how you can stay safe during your trip to Tanzania, check out our guide on security in Tanzania. If you are an LGBTQ+ individual, please go through our travel guide for LGBTQ individuals.

Note: This article is for informational purposes only and is not an exhaustive source of travel advice. Always refer to official government sources and consult relevant authorities before making travel decisions.